14.Study on the heavy metal pollution in water and their impact on human health based on questionnaire, vicinity of Umrar Dam, Shahdol division in central India |
Vandana Ram |
In Umrar Dam the Lead (0.840±0.000) concentrations in the water was highest in the summer season whereas lowest concentration found in Rainy season. Iron (0.727±0.001) and Zinc (0.074±0.003) were found in highest concentration in Rainy while lowest in summer. Copper (Cu) is one of the metal, which are essential to human health but we did not found Cu and Hg metals in Dam water. The concentration of Zn in this site was under permissible limit. The Pb concentration in the tissues of Labeo rohita was highest in summer whereas lowest concentration found in winter. In Rasbora daniconius Pb concentration reached the highest in gills in summer (4.832±0.000) and lowest was found in kidney in winter season (0.725±0.000). In Ompak bimaculatus highest concentration was in gonad (3.855±0.001) in summer whereas lowest in kidney in winter seasons (0.789±0.000). In this study I observed that, lead levels were above the recommended limits (0.01ppm) for water and Fish tissues. Pb is a toxic element, which has no significant biological function and shows their carcinogenic effects on aquatic biota and humans even at low exposures. Pb exposure is known to cause musculo-skeletal, renal, ocular, neurological, immunological, reproductive and developmental effects. Keywords: Umrar Dam, Heavy Metal Pollution, Permissible limit, Health hazards, Fisheries. |